ASJC Scopus subject areas. We are testing a new system for linking publications to authors. In 1971, Robert Trivers coined the term ‘reciprocal altruism’ to describe a process that favors costly cooperation among reciprocating partners. AU - Silk, Joan. Cooperation. Contact form; Contact persons; Sites and opening hours Silk. Reciprocal altruism refers to the prosocial interaction(s) between two or more individuals where the outcome of the act (or a sequence of acts) represents a fitness cost for the supporter, a fitness gain for the receiver, and the expectation that the receiver will return the favor sometime in the future. Reciprocal altruism. Reciprocal altruism and the prisoners’ dilemma are explained and it is related that there are very few examples of these processes in nature. Silk, Department of Anthropology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, U.S.A. (email: jsilk@anthro. In biology, altruism refers to behaviour by an individual that increases the fitness of another individual while decreasing the fitness of the actor. Recommended articles Citing articles (0) ∗ Iam grateful to Eric Fischer, Robert Seyfarth, Joan Silk, John Wiley, and Gerald Wilkinson for useful comments on earlier drafts of this paper, and to Peter Richerson for many long and useful discussions of these ideas. If you identify any major omissions or other inaccuracies in the publication list, please let us know. Recommended articles Citing articles (0) ∗ Iam grateful to Eric Fischer, Robert Seyfarth, Joan Silk, John Wiley, and Gerald Wilkinson for useful comments on earlier drafts of this paper, and to Peter Richerson for many long and useful discussions of these ideas. Reciprocity. If you notice any inaccuracies, please sign in and mark papers as correct or incorrect matches. Sarah Frances Brosnan, 1, 2 Joan B. Original Article The development of contingent reciprocity in children Bailey House a,⁎, Joseph Henrich b, Barbara Sarnecka c, Joan B. Alone, neither may have focusing on the reproductive ground Joan B. Reciprocal altruism refers to the prosocial interaction(s) between two or more individuals where the outcome of the act (or a sequence of acts) represents a fitness cost for the supporter, a fitness gain for the receiver, and the expectation that the receiver will return the favor sometime in the future. reciprocity in an experimental task . N2 - Cooperation between nonrelatives is common in humans. Experimental studies provide a controlled approach to examine the importance of contingency in helping interactions. By Joan B. In control of the female. Joan Silk moved to ASU's School of Human Evolution and Social Change in 2012, from University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA).